diff --git a/terminal/terminal.go b/terminal/terminal.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c127e1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/terminal/terminal.go
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package terminal
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+)
+
+// Terminal 接口定义平台特定的终端操作
+type Terminal interface {
+	Close() error
+	Read(p []byte) (int, error)
+	Write(p []byte) (int, error)
+	Resize(cols, rows int) error
+	Wait() error
+}
+
+// terminalImpl 封装终端和平台特定逻辑
+type terminalImpl struct {
+	shell      string
+	workingDir string
+	term       Terminal
+}
+
+// StartTerminal 启动终端并处理 WebSocket 通信
+func StartTerminal(conn *websocket.Conn) {
+	impl, err := newTerminalImpl()
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
+		return
+	}
+
+	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
+	defer impl.term.Close()
+	// 从 WebSocket 读取消息并写入终端
+	go handleWebSocketInput(conn, impl.term, errChan)
+
+	// 从终端读取输出并写入 WebSocket
+	go handleTerminalOutput(conn, impl.term, errChan)
+
+	// 错误处理和清理
+	go func() {
+		err := <-errChan
+		if err != nil && conn != nil {
+			conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
+			conn.Close()
+		}
+		impl.term.Close()
+	}()
+	// 等待终端进程结束
+	if err := impl.term.Wait(); err != nil {
+		select {
+		case errChan <- err:
+			// 错误已发送
+		default:
+			// 错误通道已满或已关闭
+			conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Terminal exited with error: %v\r\n", err)))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleWebSocketInput 处理 WebSocket 输入
+func handleWebSocketInput(conn *websocket.Conn, term Terminal, errChan chan<- error) {
+	for {
+		t, p, err := conn.ReadMessage()
+		if err != nil {
+			errChan <- err
+			return
+		}
+		if t == websocket.TextMessage {
+			var cmd struct {
+				Type  string `json:"type"`
+				Cols  int    `json:"cols,omitempty"`
+				Rows  int    `json:"rows,omitempty"`
+				Input string `json:"input,omitempty"`
+			}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(p, &cmd); err == nil {
+				switch cmd.Type {
+				case "resize":
+					if cmd.Cols > 0 && cmd.Rows > 0 {
+						term.Resize(cmd.Cols, cmd.Rows)
+					}
+				case "input":
+					if cmd.Input != "" {
+						term.Write([]byte(cmd.Input))
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				term.Write(p)
+			}
+		}
+		if t == websocket.BinaryMessage {
+			term.Write(p)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleTerminalOutput 处理终端输出
+func handleTerminalOutput(conn *websocket.Conn, term Terminal, errChan chan<- error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 4096)
+	for {
+		n, err := term.Read(buf)
+		if err != nil {
+			errChan <- err
+			return
+		}
+		if err := conn.WriteMessage(websocket.BinaryMessage, buf[:n]); err != nil {
+			errChan <- err
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/terminal/terminal_unix.go b/terminal/terminal_unix.go
index 32a3d12..3b20a6d 100644
--- a/terminal/terminal_unix.go
+++ b/terminal/terminal_unix.go
@@ -3,117 +3,73 @@
 package terminal
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"syscall"
 
 	"github.com/creack/pty"
-	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
 )
 
-// StartTerminal 在Unix/Linux系统上启动终端
-func StartTerminal(conn *websocket.Conn) {
-	// 获取shell
-	defalut_shell := []string{"zsh", "bash", "sh"}
+func newTerminalImpl() (*terminalImpl, error) {
+	// 查找可用 shell
+	defaultShells := []string{"zsh", "bash", "sh"}
 	shell := ""
-	for _, s := range defalut_shell {
+	for _, s := range defaultShells {
 		if _, err := exec.LookPath(s); err == nil {
 			shell = s
 			break
 		}
 	}
 	if shell == "" {
-		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte("No supported shell found."))
-		return
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no supported shell found")
 	}
+
 	// 创建进程
 	cmd := exec.Command(shell)
 	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "TERM=xterm-256color")
 	tty, err := pty.Start(cmd)
 	if err != nil {
-		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
-		return
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start pty: %v", err)
 	}
-	defer tty.Close()
-	// 设置终端大小
-	pty.Setsize(tty, &pty.Winsize{
-		Rows: 24,
-		Cols: 80,
-		X:    0,
-		Y:    0,
-	})
-	terminateConn := func() {
-		pgid, err := syscall.Getpgid(cmd.Process.Pid)
-		if err != nil {
-			cmd.Process.Kill()
-		}
-		syscall.Kill(-pgid, syscall.SIGKILL)
-		if conn != nil {
-			conn.Close()
-		}
-	}
-	err_chan := make(chan error, 1)
-	// 从WebSocket读取数据并写入pty
-	go func() {
-		for {
-			t, p, err := conn.ReadMessage()
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-			if t == websocket.TextMessage {
-				var cmd struct {
-					Type  string `json:"type"`
-					Cols  int    `json:"cols,omitempty"`
-					Rows  int    `json:"rows,omitempty"`
-					Input string `json:"input,omitempty"`
-				}
 
-				if err := json.Unmarshal(p, &cmd); err == nil {
-					switch cmd.Type {
-					case "resize":
-						if cmd.Cols > 0 && cmd.Rows > 0 {
-							pty.Setsize(tty, &pty.Winsize{
-								Rows: uint16(cmd.Rows),
-								Cols: uint16(cmd.Cols),
-							})
-						}
-					case "input":
-						if cmd.Input != "" {
-							tty.Write([]byte(cmd.Input))
-						}
-					}
-				} else {
-					tty.Write(p)
-				}
-			}
-			if t == websocket.BinaryMessage {
-				tty.Write(p)
-			}
-		}
-	}()
+	// 设置初始终端大小
+	pty.Setsize(tty, &pty.Winsize{Rows: 24, Cols: 80})
 
-	go func() {
-		buf := make([]byte, 4096)
-		for {
-			n, err := tty.Read(buf)
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-
-			err = conn.WriteMessage(websocket.BinaryMessage, buf[:n])
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-
-	err = <-err_chan
-	if err != nil && conn != nil {
-		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
-	}
-	terminateConn()
+	return &terminalImpl{
+		shell: shell,
+		term: &unixTerminal{
+			tty: tty,
+			cmd: cmd,
+		},
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type unixTerminal struct {
+	tty *os.File
+	cmd *exec.Cmd
+}
+
+func (t *unixTerminal) Close() error {
+	pgid, err := syscall.Getpgid(t.cmd.Process.Pid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return t.cmd.Process.Kill()
+	}
+	return syscall.Kill(-pgid, syscall.SIGKILL)
+}
+
+func (t *unixTerminal) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	return t.tty.Read(p)
+}
+
+func (t *unixTerminal) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	return t.tty.Write(p)
+}
+
+func (t *unixTerminal) Resize(cols, rows int) error {
+	return pty.Setsize(t.tty, &pty.Winsize{Rows: uint16(rows), Cols: uint16(cols)})
+}
+
+func (t *unixTerminal) Wait() error {
+	return t.cmd.Wait()
 }
diff --git a/terminal/terminal_windows.go b/terminal/terminal_windows.go
index 526d0e9..6d431b7 100644
--- a/terminal/terminal_windows.go
+++ b/terminal/terminal_windows.go
@@ -4,105 +4,77 @@ package terminal
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/UserExistsError/conpty"
-	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
 )
 
-// StartTerminal 在Windows系统上启动终端
-func StartTerminal(conn *websocket.Conn) {
-	// 创建进程
+func newTerminalImpl() (*terminalImpl, error) {
+	// 查找 shell
 	shell, err := exec.LookPath("powershell.exe")
 	if err != nil || shell == "" {
 		shell = "cmd.exe"
 	}
-	current_dir := "."
-	executable, err := os.Executable()
-	if err == nil {
-		current_dir = filepath.Dir(executable)
-	}
-	if shell == "" || current_dir == "" {
-		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte("No supported shell found."))
-		return
+	if shell == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no supported shell found")
 	}
 
-	tty, err := conpty.Start(shell, conpty.ConPtyWorkDir(current_dir))
-	if err != nil {
-		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
-		return
+	// 获取工作目录
+	workingDir := "."
+	if executable, err := os.Executable(); err == nil {
+		workingDir = filepath.Dir(executable)
 	}
-	defer tty.Close()
-	err_chan := make(chan error, 1)
-	// 设置终端大小
+
+	// 启动 ConPTY
+	tty, err := conpty.Start(shell, conpty.ConPtyWorkDir(workingDir))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start conpty: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 设置初始终端大小
 	tty.Resize(80, 24)
 
-	go func() {
-		for {
-			t, p, err := conn.ReadMessage()
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-			if t == websocket.TextMessage {
-				var cmd struct {
-					Type  string `json:"type"`
-					Cols  int    `json:"cols,omitempty"`
-					Rows  int    `json:"rows,omitempty"`
-					Input string `json:"input,omitempty"`
-				}
-
-				if err := json.Unmarshal(p, &cmd); err == nil {
-					switch cmd.Type {
-					case "resize":
-						if cmd.Cols > 0 && cmd.Rows > 0 {
-							tty.Resize(cmd.Cols, cmd.Rows)
-						}
-					case "input":
-						if cmd.Input != "" {
-							tty.Write([]byte(cmd.Input))
-						}
-					}
-				} else {
-					tty.Write(p)
-				}
-			}
-			if t == websocket.BinaryMessage {
-				tty.Write(p)
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-
-	go func() {
-		buf := make([]byte, 4096)
-		for {
-			n, err := tty.Read(buf)
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-
-			err = conn.WriteMessage(websocket.BinaryMessage, buf[:n])
-			if err != nil {
-				err_chan <- err
-				return
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-
-	go func() {
-		err := <-err_chan
-		if err != nil && tty != nil {
-			conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v\r\n", err)))
-		}
-		conn.Close()
-		tty.Close()
-	}()
-	tty.Wait(context.Background())
-	tty.Close()
-
+	return &terminalImpl{
+		shell:      shell,
+		workingDir: workingDir,
+		term: &windowsTerminal{
+			tty: tty,
+		},
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type windowsTerminal struct {
+	tty    *conpty.ConPty
+	closed bool
+}
+
+func (t *windowsTerminal) Close() error {
+	if t.closed {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := t.tty.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	t.closed = true
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *windowsTerminal) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	return t.tty.Read(p)
+}
+
+func (t *windowsTerminal) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	return t.tty.Write(p)
+}
+
+func (t *windowsTerminal) Resize(cols, rows int) error {
+	return t.tty.Resize(cols, rows)
+}
+
+func (t *windowsTerminal) Wait() error {
+	_, err := t.tty.Wait(context.Background())
+	return err
 }