The crash happens due to android 8.0 background restrictions if TermuxActivity is not in foreground/whitelist and attempts to start TermuxService. With this commit, the app will not crash but will just exit with a toast message.
https://developer.android.com/about/versions/oreo/background#serviceshttps://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/android-12.0.0_r4:frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActiveServices.java;l=722
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.termux/com.termux.app.TermuxActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { cmp=com.termux/.app.TermuxService }: app is in background uid UidRecord{533ae62 u0a187 TPSL idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2947)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3082)
at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:78)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:108)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:68)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1832)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:201)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6821)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:547)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:873)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent { cmp=com.termux/.app.TermuxService }: app is in background uid UidRecord{533ae62 u0a187 TPSL idle procs:1 seq(0,0,0)}
at android.app.ContextImpl.startServiceCommon(ContextImpl.java:1587)
at android.app.ContextImpl.startService(ContextImpl.java:1542)
at android.content.ContextWrapper.startService(ContextWrapper.java:674)
at com.termux.app.TermuxActivity.onCreate(TermuxActivity.java:242)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7224)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7213)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1272)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2927)
... 11 more
Closes#2552
Previously, `FileUtilsErrno` had some errors that didn't include the full path passed to the `FileUtils` functions and caller had to manually append the path to the error. This was done due to `termux-tasker` plugin config activity was using these errors in the executable and working directory text fields and we had to keep the error short as possible to reduce clutter. Now by default, the path will be included so that its not missing for other cases and the `FileUtils.getShortFileUtilsError()` function is provided to get a shorter version from the original error if its possible to do so if caller like `termux-tasker` requires it.
Also added log level setting in Termux Settings for Termux:API. Others can be added when logging is implemented in the plugin apps via `Logger` class provided by `termux-shared`.
If `ReportActivity` was started with a large report, i.e a few hundred `KB`, like for terminal transcript or other command output, the activity start would fail. To solve the issue, if the serialized size of the ReportInfo info object is above `DataUtils.TRANSACTION_SIZE_LIMIT_IN_BYTES` (`100KB`), it will be saved to a file in a cache directory `/data/data/com.termux/cache/report_activity` as a serialized object and loaded when activity is started. The file will be automatically deleted when activity is destroyed (`Activity.onDetroy()`) or when notification that would have started the activity is deleted (`Notification.deleteIntent`). In case, these two didn't happen, then on `TermuxActivity` startup, a thread will be started to delete files older than `14` days so that unneeded left over files are deleted. If user tries to open plugin error or crash report notifications after 14 days, they will get `ReportInfo` file not found errors, assuming `TermuxActivity` was started to run the cleanup routine.
Now these large reports can't be copied or shared with other apps since that would again result in `TransactionTooLargeException` exceptions and `ShareUtils` automatically truncates the data (now from end) to `100KB` length so that the exception doesn't occur. So now a `Save To File` option has been added in context menu (3 dots on top right) of `ReportActivity` so that large or small reports can be saved to a file if needed. They will be save in root of `/storage/emulated/0` or whatever is the default public external storage directory. The filename would depend on type of report. The storage permissions will be asked if missing. On android `11`, if you get permission denied errors even after granting permission, disable permission and grant it again. To solve privacy issues of report being saved to public storage since it may contain private info, an option for custom path will be added in future. The default directory is public storage instead of termux home since its easily accessible via all file managers or from pc. Instructing amateur users to get files via `SAF` from termux home is not something I wanna take on.
Another issue is that `ReportActivity` itself may not be able to show the entire report since Android may throw `OutOfMemoryError` exceptions if device memory is low. To solve this issue, `ReportActivity` will truncate the report to `1MB` from end that's shown to the user. It will add a header showing that report was truncated. To view the full report, the user will have to use the `Save To File` option and view the file in an external app or on pc that supports opening large files. The `QuickEdit` app on Android has been a reliable one in my experience that supports large files, although it has max row/column limits too at a few hundred thousand, depending on android version.
Despite all this, `OutOfMemoryError` exceptions could still be thrown if you try to view too large a report, like a few MB, since original report + the truncated report is still held in memory by the app and will consume `2-3` times memory when saving. It's fun coding for android, right?
The terminal transcript will not be truncated anymore that's generated via `Report Issue` option in terminal.
The `ShareUtils.copyTextToClipboard()` will truncate data now automatically, apparently all phones don't do it automatically and exception is raised.
The `ShareUtils.saveTextToFile()` has been added that will automatically ask for storage permissions if missing.
The `ReportInfo` now expects a `reportSaveFileLabel` and `reportSaveFilePath` arguments so that `ReportActivity` can use them to know where to save the file if users selects `Save To File` option.
The `ReportActivityBroadcastReceiver` must now be registered in `AndroidManifest.xml` if you are using `ReportActivity` in your app. Check `ReportActivity` javadoc for details. Moreover, an incremental call to `ReportActivity.deleteReportInfoFilesOlderThanXDays()` must also be made.
Termux will check if termux files directory `/data/data/com.termux/files` has rwx permission access before installing bootstrap or starting terminal. Missing permission will automatically be set if possible. The `/data/data/com.termux` directory will also be created if it did not already exist, like if android did not already create it.
Users will now also be shown a crash notification if they attempt to start termux as a secondary user or in a work profile with info of the "alternate" termux files directory `/data/user/<id>/com.termux` set by android and the profile owner app if running under work profile (not secondary user). A notification will also be shown if the termux files directory (not "alternate") is not accessible.
Related #2168
Previously in (32135025) support was added with `disable-terminal-margin-adjustment` `termux.properties` property to disable terminal margin adjustment in case in causes screen flickering or other issues on some devices. It has now been removed in (7aefd943) and moved to Termux Settings since if it causes issues at startup and users can't access `termux.properties` file from the terminal, they will have to use SAF or root to access it, which will require an external app.
Users can set the value from the `Termux Settings` -> `Termux` -> `Terminal View` -> `Terminal Margin Adjustment` toggle. The `Termux Settings` can be accessed from left drawer in termux and from the android launcher shortcut for Termux Settings, usually accessible by long holding on Termux icon.
Users can enable this behaviour by enabling the `Termux Settings` -> `Keyboard I/O` -> `Soft Keyboard Only If No Hardware` toggle.
Currently, for this case, soft keyboard will be disabled on Termux app startup and when switching back from another app. Soft keyboard can be temporarily enabled in show/hide soft keyboard toggle behaviour with keyboard toggle buttons and will continue to work when tapping on terminal view for opening and back button for closing, until Termux app is switched to another app. After returning back, keyboard will be disabled until toggle is pressed again.
This also may help for the Lineage OS bug where blank space is shown where soft keyboard should be if "Show soft keyboard" toggle in "Language and Input" is disabled. Check KeyboardUtils.shouldSoftKeyboardBeDisabled() and https://github.com/termux/termux-app/issues/1995#issuecomment-837080079 for details.
The `TermuxPreferenceConstants` class has been updated to `v0.10.0`. Check its Changelog sections for info on changes.
TermuxSession, TermuxTask and TermuxSessionClientBase have been moved to termux-shared. They are now not dependent on TermuxService anymore and have become abstract so that they can be called from anywhere. TermuxSession.TermuxSessionClient and TermuxTask.TermuxTaskClient interfaces have been created for callbacks, which the TermuxService now implements.
The TermuxTask now also supports synchronous command execution as well to run shell commands from anywhere for internal use by termux app and its plugins.
TermuxTask now also supports killing the process being run by sending it a SIGKILL. This is used by TermuxService to kill all the TermuxTasks (in addition to TermuxSessions) it manages when it is destroyed, either by user exiting it or by android killing it. Only the tasks that were started by a plugin which **expects** the result back via a pending intent will be killed, but the remaining background tasks will keep on running until the termux app process is killed by android, like by OOM. Check TermuxService.killAllTermuxExecutionCommands() for more details on how TermuxService kills TermuxTasks and TermuxSessions.
Fixed null pointer exception when getting terminal transcript if TerminalEmulator not initialized.
The termux plugins should use this library instead of hardcoding "com.termux" values in their source code.
The library can be included as a dependency by plugins and third party apps by including the following line in the build.gradle where x.xxx is the version number, once its published.
`implementation 'com.termux:termux-shared:x.xxx'`
The `TermuxConstants` class has been updated to `v0.17.0`, `TermuxPreferenceConstants` to `v0.9.0` and `TermuxPropertyConstants` to `v0.6.0`. Check their Changelog sections for info on changes.
Some typos and redundant code has also been fixed.
Now whenever the Termux app crashes, the crash report (stacktrace, app and device info) will be logged to ~/crash_log.md file. When the user will reopen the app, a notification will be shown which when clicked will show the crash report content in the ReportActivity. The activity will have important links like email, reddit, github issues of termux app and packages at which the user can optionally report an issue if necessary after copying the crash report text. The ~/crash_log.md file will be moved to ~/crash_log-backup.md so that a notification is not shown again on next startup and can be viewed again via SAF, etc.
This will allow reports for bugs that are submitted to have complete and useful info, specially in markdown format, making lives of devs a tad bit easier. Also more bugs that are rare might be submitted since users will have the info to report with and know where to report at.
ToDo:
- The TermuxConstants.TERMUX_SUPPORT_EMAIL_URL needs to be updated with a valid support email once its set up. The TermuxUtils.getReportIssueMarkdownString() function currently also has "email" lines commented out which will need to be uncommented.
- Currently, crashes will only be handled for the main app thread, other threads will have to manually hooked into where necessary.
This will allow users to control if a notification should be shown with the crash info when app is restarted after a crash
The `TermuxPreferenceConstants` classes has been updated to `v0.8.0`. Check its Changelog section for info on changes.
A lot of utils have been defined now that can be used to safely manage files.
The java java.io.File API has poor support for detecting symlinks including broken symlinks. Android implementation also has issues. Check FileTypes.getFileType() function for more info. For this reason, the UnixFileAttributes and related classes has been ported from AOSP to get file attributes and type.
Some file utils and android versions use google's Guava com.google.common.io.MoreFiles library for managing files, specially for safer directory deletion with SecureDirectoryStream.
Some file utils and android versions use org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils for managing files. The library version used is 2.5 and it must not be incremented for compatibility with android version < 8, otherwise runtime crashes will occur.
Users can toggle the state from Settings -> Keyboard I/O -> Soft Keyboard toggle.
Android phone should also have an internal setting for disabling soft keyboard when a hardware keyboard is connected in Language and Input android settings or from the input mode selection notification, but the above setting will be Termux app specific and will allow soft keyboard to still be shown in other apps.
The `TermuxPreferenceConstants` classes has been updated to `v0.7.0`. Check its Changelog section for info on changes.
Previously, termux only supported getting result of BACKGROUND commands back if they were started via Termux:Tasker plugin. Getting back result of foreground commands was not possible with any way.
Now with RUN_COMMAND intent or Termux:Tasker, the third party apps and users can get the foreground command results as well. Note that by "foreground results" we only mean the session transcript. The session transcript will contain both stdout and stderr combined, basically anything sent to the the pseudo terminal /dev/pts, including PS1 prefixes for interactive sessions. Getting separate stdout and stderr can currently only be done with background commands.
Moreover, with RUN_COMMAND intent, third party apps and users can get the background commands results as well. This means separate extras for stdout and stderr.
The exit code will also be returned for either case.
### RUN_COMMAND intent
The result extras are returned in the TERMUX_SERVICE.EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE bundle via the pending intent received.
The RUN_COMMAND_SERVICE.EXTRA_PENDING_INTENT extra can be used to send the pending intent with which termux should return the result bundle. The pending intent can be received back by the app with an IntentService. Check RunCommandService for reference implementation.
For foreground commands (RUN_COMMAND_SERVICE.EXTRA_BACKGROUND is false):
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDOUT will contain session transcript.
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDERR will be null since its not used.
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_EXIT_CODE will contain exit code of session.
For background commands (RUN_COMMAND_SERVICE.EXTRA_BACKGROUND is true):
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDOUT will contain stdout of commands.
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDERR will contain stderr of commands.
- EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_EXIT_CODE will contain exit code of command.
The internal errors raised by termux outside the shell will be sent in the the EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_ERR and EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_ERRMSG extras. These will contain errors like if starting a termux command failed or if the user manually exited the termux sessions or android killed the termux service before the commands had finished executing. The err value will be Activity.RESULT_OK(-1) if no internal errors are raised.
The stdout and stderr will be truncated from the start to max 100KB combined and errmsg will also be truncated from end to max 25KB. This is necessary to prevent TransactionTooLargeException exceptions from being raised if stdout or stderr are too large in length. The original length of stdout and stderr will be provided in EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDOUT_ORIGINAL_LENGTH and EXTRA_PLUGIN_RESULT_BUNDLE_STDERR_ORIGINAL_LENGTH extras respectively, so that the caller can check if either of them were truncated.
### Termux:Tasker
Support for Termux:Tasker for getting back result of foreground commands will require an update to it since it currently immediately returns control to plugin host app like Tasker without waiting if a foreground command is to be executed.
For android version >= 10(Q), a flash will be shown to users requesting them to grant the permission if they attempt to start a foreground terminal session command from background, like with the RUN_COMMAND intent. The flash will only be shown if "Plugin Error Notifications" toggle is enabled in settings.
Previously, the null or empty executable would be expanded to the literal root "/" string path by FileUtils.getCanonicalPath and then FileUtils.validateRegularFileExistenceAndPermissions() validation would fail since path will not be a regular file. So a user will be shown that "/" is not a regular file. Now we show that executable was not even passed.
Users will now also be shown flashes and notifications in addition to log entries for missing allow-external-apps permission or for invalid extras passed like the executable. The flashes and notifications can be controlled with the Termux Settings -> Debugging -> Plugin Error Notifications toggle
This implements the framework to report info to users. This may include reporting failure or result of commands or any exceptions that are raised.
The ReportInfo provides 5 fields:
- userAction: The user action that was being processed for which the report was generated.
- sender: The internal app component that sent the report.
- title: The report title.
- reportString: The markdown text for the report.
- addReportAndDeviceDetails: If set to true, then report and device details will be added to the report.
This should provide the basics parameters for showing a report to the user. The ReportActivity also allows user to copy and share the report.
In future this can also be used to allow users to easily email or post crash reports to github for Termux app crashes instead of going through logcat.
This will allow user to control whether flashes and notifications for plugin errors are enabled or not.
The `TermuxPreferenceConstants` classes has been updated to `v0.4.0`. Check its Changelog sections for info on changes.
- The `FileUtils` and `PluginUtils` have been added to provide utility functions.
- The executable and working directory validation has been added to check for existence and missing permissions.
- The `expandPath()` function is removed from `RunCommandService`.
- Working directory will automatically be created if under `TermuxConstants.TERMUX_FILES_DIR_PATH` if missing.
- Better logging has been added. This will later be used to notify the user in foreground.
- Javadocs have been updated.
The settings activity can be accessed by long pressing on terminal view and selecting "Settings" from the popup shown. It uses the Android's Preference framework. Currently only debugging preferences to set log level and enabling terminal view key logging are provided. The Preference framework by default uses the keys set in `app:key` attribute in the respective preferences XML file to store the values in the default `SharedPreferences` file of the app. However, since we rely on `TermuxPreferenceConstants` and `TermuxPropertyConstants` classes to define key names so that they can be easily shared between termux and its plugin apps, we provide our own `PreferenceDataStore` for storing key/value pairs. The key name in the XML file can optionally be the same. Check `DebuggingPreferencesFragment` class for a sample. Each new preference category fragment should be added to `app/settings/` with its data store.
This commit may allow support to be added for modifying `termux.properties` file directly from the UI but that requires more work, since writing to property files with comments require in-place modification.
The `Logger` class provides various static functions for logging that should be used from now on instead of directly calling android `Log.*` functions. The log level is automatically loaded from shared preferences at application startup via `TermuxApplication` and set in the static `Logger.CURRENT_LOG_LEVEL` variable. Changing the log level through the settings activity also changes the log level immediately.
The 4 supported log levels are:
- LOG_LEVEL_OFF which will log nothing.
- LOG_LEVEL_NORMAL which will start logging error, warn and info messages and stacktraces.
- LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG which will start logging debug messages.
- LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE which will start logging verbose messages.
The default log level is `LOG_LEVEL_NORMAL` which will not log debug or verbose messages. Contributors can add useful log entries at those levels where ever they feel is appropriate so that it allows users and devs to more easily help solve issues or find bugs, specially without having to recompile termux after having to manually add general log entries to the source. DO NOT log data that may have private info of users like command arguments at log levels below debug, like `BackgroundJob` was doing previously.
Logging to file support may be added later, will require log file rotation support and storage permissions.
This commit removes almost all hardcoded paths in Termux app and moves the references to the `TermuxConstants` class.
The `TermuxConstants` class should be imported by other termux plugin apps instead of copying and defining their own constants. The 3rd party apps can also import it for interacting with termux apps. App and sub class specific constants are defined in their own nested classes to keep them segregated from each other and for better readability.
Re-implementation of https://github.com/termux/termux-app/pull/1029.
If Termux has property "allow-external-apps" set to "true", a third-party
program will be able to send intents for executing custom commands
within Termux environment.
Third-party program must declare permission "com.termux.permission.RUN_COMMAND".
The failsafe activity were infrequently used while confusing users.
Replace it with an app shortcut on Android 7.1+ and a separate app on
earlier versions.
Also enables session autoclosing so no more "annoying" messages
about "process completed - press enter". There autoclosing will be
performed on exit codes '0' and '130'.
On Android TV devices old behaviour will be used - auto close enabled for all
sessions when amount of running sessions >1.
